Our planet is full of environmental oddities and phenomena we still cannot understand or explain. We barely comprehend common phenomena like lightning and tornadoes so chances are we have a lot more to investigate in the future. Weird shit is happening on our dear uncanny planet, so for you, we have collected the 15 strangest phenomena of nature:
1. Circumhorizontal arcs
This optical phenomenon looking similar to a fiery rainbow has actually nothing to do with rainbows and flames. It is rarely seen and it’s appearance depends on location and latitude. To be formed the sun has to be very high in the sky and a “Cirrus cloud containing relatively large plate-shaped ice crystals must also be present” (Wikipedia Quote). Sunlight entering, hitting those ice crystals and exiting at a 90° angle somehow creates this shiny rainbowy thing in the sky.
2. Sailing stones
Well the name speaks for the product, except they do not sail as much as they move along smooth valley floors in long tracks. How these stones owned the plants at moving and relocating is still not understood. They usually like traveling for 3 to 4 years and they sometimes roll-over and even change direction. Some of them sometimes decide to go back the same way for some peculiar reason. So what did the scientists think of when it came to explaining this movement of rocks? Strong gusts of wind is what it probably is, though the origins of the Thing sounded more appealing to us.
3. Red tides
Once again a misleading name for HABs in marine coastal areas. The species’ color is often red or brown so they tint the water to a reddish color. Why these so-called HABs happen to occur in such locations is totally unclear, nevertheless the red bloody waves are as beautiful as they are horrifying.
4. Light pillars
One more visual phenomenon caused by reflection of light from ice crystals. It appears when the sun is at or low to the horizon in which case it’s called a solar pillar. The light can come from multiple sources like the Sun, the Moon or even streetlights.
5. Fire whirls
Sometimes called a fire-tornado is a phenomenon where fire takes an upward vertical form resembling a tornado with a fiery filling (yum!). These fires are pretty lethal sometimes reaching heights of more than 1 km and wind speeds over 160 km/h. A good example is the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake in Japan where a firestorm was caused and created one of these fiery tornadoes that killed more than 35.000 in less than 20 minutes. Don’t play with fire whirls, kids.

6. Blue holes
Also called vertical caves or submarine sinkholes (whatever rocks your boat), these holes are circular depressions and their name comes from the contrast difference between the dark color of the water in their depths and the color of the surrounding shallows. They have low water circulation and therefore they aren’t very good at supporting sea life, though they contain a shitload of bacteria. The deepest one in the world is Dean’s Blue Hole with 202 meters depth.

7. Columnar Basalt
Fractions are formed during the cooling of a thick lava flow. When this cooling occurs rapidly, contraction forces are increased. Since lava flow cannot shrink horizontally without fracturing as easily as it can when it shrinks vertically, a network of fractures develops and columns are formed. The most popular (probably) basalt flow in the world is Giant’s Causeway located on the northern coast of Ireland.

8. The Moon changing color
The reason why this occurs is due to the scattering of light by the atmosphere. When the Moon is on the horizon, moonlight has to pass trough much more atmosphere than when it’s directly overhead. By the time it reaches us the purple, green and blue pieces of visible light have been scattered away by air molecules leaving only the red, orange or yellow for us to see. The Moon can also “change” color when it’s directly overhead if there’s pollution in the atmosphere. What actually pollutes the atmosphere will determine what color you see as it can be red, orange or even blue.

9. Ice circles
This phenomenon occurs in cold climates where the water is moving slowly. Ice circles form at bends in the river where the accelerating water creates a circular current that breaks off a chunk of ice and rotates it in place. As it grinds against the surrounding ice it smooths out into a circle.

10. Sundogs
An atmospheric phenomenon that creates bright spots settled on a luminous halo around the sun. These “dawgs” are formed in very cold weather when sunlight passes trough ice crystals found in high and cold cirrus clouds. The actual explanation is much more confusing so we won’t get into that.

11. Lenticular clouds
These saucer-shaped clouds form in high altitudes “where stable moist air flows over a mountain or a range of mountains” (quoted from Wikipedia). Because of their shape they’ve been mistaken for UFO’s and sometimes even called “visual covers” for UFO’s by paranoid UFO believers.

12. Penitentes
These snow formations take the form of closely spaced blades of ice with the actual blade facing the direction of the Sun. They can be as tall as a person… wait, what now?! Having said that, skiing probably ain’t the most popular sport where these impaling machines are found. They are commonly formed on the Andes by the strong winds there.

13. Mammatus clouds
The name comes from the Latin word mamma which means udder or breast. It’s applied to the pattern of pouches resting beneath a cloud because they appear to resemble boobs. They do resemble many things but I guess it’s what people first think of when they see them. Unlikely to the nature of breasts, these clouds tend to indicate that a strong storm or even a tornado is coming.

14. Sinkholes
Known by many names including shake hole, swallow hole, swallet, doline or cenote, come to think of it, you call them whatever you like. They’re natural depressions caused by removal of bedrock and soil by water. Coming in various shapes and sizes, they acquire depths and diameters ranging from less than one meter to several hundred. Their formation can be slow or sudden, but nevertheless, if your yard starts to descend into a pit to hell, you might wanna consider moving.

15. Ball lightning
This electric atmospheric phenomenon is highly debated and controversial. They’re reported to be seen as luminous spherical objects which last much longer than split-second lightning strikes. The ball lightning has been seen in various sizes ranging from one centimeter to a few meters. Their existence is based solely on public sightings and there’s no physical proof aside from photos reported to be the real deal (kind of a UFO situation).
